In planning care for a client with renal cell carcinoma, the nurse monitors for which electrolyte imbalance?
a. Hyponatremia
b. Hypernatremia
c. Hypocalcemia
d. Hypercalcemia
D
Renal cell carcinoma tissues frequently produce ectopic hormones, including parathyroid hor-mone. Increased production of parathyroid hormone leads to decreased renal excretion of cal-cium and increased serum calcium concentration. The other electrolyte abnormalities typically do not occur.
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The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking an adrenergic bronchodilator. In what disease process should adrenergic bronchodilators be used cautiously?
A) Liver failure B) Renal failure C) Respiratory failure D) Heart failure
The client verbalizes concern for hospitalization because he doesn't believe there are any health issues. The nurse explains to the client that health is:
a. a state of optimal wellness where the individual moves toward integration of human functioning b. a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being c. promotion of wellness, including disease prevention d. the absence of illness or disease
Which step in the nursing process identifies the basis or cause of the patient's problem?
a. Intervention b. Expected outcome c. Nursing diagnosis d. Evaluation
What part of the heart is capable of conducting electrical impulses from one part of the heart to another?
a. atria c. specialized cardiac muscle cells b. ventricles d. arterial system