When discussing feeding practices, Mr. T tells you that he gives his 3-year-old son a bottle of warm milk to take to bed each night. You inform him that:
1. A bottle of warm milk often helps to soothe a child to sleep.
2. Giving a child a bottle when going to bed promotes tooth decay.
3. Providing a bottle of juice is better than milk.
4. A bottle at bedtime could promote choking.
2
Rationale: Although warm milk has been reported to promote sleep, children should not drink fluids containing sugar at bedtime. Allowing a child to fall asleep with a bottle of milk, juice, breast milk, or formula promotes bacterial growth and breakdown of tooth enamel. Sugar containing liquids in a sleeping child's mouth promotes tooth decay. Tooth decay is the greatest risk of allowing a child to go to sleep with sugar containing fluids in the mouth. Bottles at bedtime do not present a choking hazard.
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The pediatric clinic has set a goal that 95% or more of the children attending the clinic will be fully immunized. To reach this goal, clinic nurses will teach the families that:
1. The benefits of immunizations outweigh the risks of communicable diseases. 2. Immunizations should be completed by the time the child starts school. 3. Once a child receives a vaccination, that individual has lifelong immunity against that disease. 4. Vaccinations are 100% safe.
The nurse cites evidence-based practice as a rationale for a patient care decision. What is the best description of evidence-based practice?
A) Decisions based on expert legal testimony B) Use of best available research data C) Evolution of nursing practice over time D) Individual optimization of patient outcomes
Using the TNM staging classification system, a tumor staged as T4N3M2 would mean
a. no evidence of primary tumor, lymph node involvement, or distant metastasis. b. carcinoma in situ, regional lymph node involvement, and metastasis to one site. c. large tumor, lymph node involvement, and distant metastasis. d. medium-sized tumor, no lymph node involvement, and distant metastasis.
What are some of the advantages to group work related to problem solving (select all that apply)?
a. There is greater sharing of knowledge and information. b. Individuals are less likely to accept a so-lution. c. Complex problems are more manageable in a group. d. Groups discourage individual expression. e. Group decision making is cost effective.