When a neonate has PPHN, what structure(s) does the blood flow through to bypass the lungs?
1. Ductus venosus
2. Foramen ovale
3. Hypogastric arteries
4. Ductus arteriosus
a. 2
b. 1, 3
c. 2, 4
d. 1, 2, 4
C
During PPHN, blood will flow through the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus to bypass the lungs. Fetal circulation involves blood passing through the foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, ductus venosus, and hypogastric arteries. See Figure 31-3.
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