What are cultural syndromes? Why are they important for clinicians to be aware of in relation to understanding symptoms in children? Provide one example of a cultural syndrome and the symptoms that the clinician may see exhibited by the child
What will be an ideal response?
Cultural syndromes refer to a pattern of co-occurring, relatively invariant symptoms associated with a particular cultural group, community, or context (APA, 2013). For example, mal de ojo or the "evil eye" is a concept that is widespread throughout Mediterranean cultures and Latino communities throughout the world. A malady to which children are especially vulnerable and believed to be caused by a hateful look or glance from a malicious person, the evil eye can cause fitful sleep, crying without apparent cause, diarrhea, vomiting, and fever in children. Cultural syndromes rarely fit neatly into one Western diagnostic category (Alarcón, 2009). In addition, although the cross-cultural validity of Western diagnostic criteria varies widely depending on the disorder, data regarding their validity across cultures for many childhood disorders is lacking (Canino & Alegria, 2008). Therefore, it is important that clinicians assess the extent to which a child's cultural background and context affect the expression of both individual symptoms and clinical disorders.
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Londra and Sondra are identical twins. However, people seldom get the two sisters mixed up because Londra is 2 inches shorter than Sondra. The difference in height means that:
a. even though both sisters display the same phenotype, they have different underlying genotypes b. even though both sisters share the same underlying genotype, they display different phenotypes c. because the sisters display different phenotypes, they must also have different underlying genotypes d. Londra inherited her "height" genes from her mother while Sondra inherited her "height" genes from her father
What is the term that means a broad explanation and prediction about phenomena of interest?
a) scientific method b) theory c) hypothesis d) research
The conscious attempt to exert control over our activities is called ______.
a. self-efficacy b. implicit learning c. habituation d. self-regulation
A serious problem for the use of lithium in treating mania is that
A) lithium can only be used for short periods of time. B) the drug can produce a fatal overdose. C) lithium may not work in up to 50 percent of patients. D) lithium suppresses normal emotions. E) lithium is the least effective of the current drugs used to treat mania.