Compare the goals of researchers who use the observational method, the correlational method, and the experimental method. Provide an example of a question that is best addressed by each method
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: The observational method is used to describe some phenomenon, and is often used to test hunches informally or more formally via systematic observation or archival analyses. The correlational method is designed to determine the relationship between two phenomena (variables) and is useful in making predictions; observations and surveys are often used in this kind of research. The experimental method is used to determine whether two related phenomena are causally related, and enables researchers not only to make predictions, but also to understand why two variables might be related. (Note: Students generate their own examples.)
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Which of the following is true of research conducted on cultural calibration of how emotional expressions are perceived by individuals?
a) There are insignificant cultural differences in absolute recognition of facial expressions. b) Individualistic cultures are better at recognizing negative emotions than are collectivistic cultures. c) Collectivism is associated with higher recognition rates for some facial expressions. d) Collectivism is associated with greater intensity ratings for some facial expressions.
A decrease in which of the following neurotransmitters has been implicated in depression?
A. GABA, acetylcholine, aspartate B. Norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine C. Somatostatin, substance P, and glycine D. glutamate, histamine, opioid peptides
Ellen is shown a somewhat ambiguous picture of a person in a lab coat studying what looks like a medical chart. Ellen is then asked to tell a story about this person. She says that this person is a new resident in a hospital and is working very long hours, but is happy to have finally reached his goal of becoming a doctor. In this story, Ellen is exhibiting:
a. low achievement motivation c. high fear of failure b. high achievement motivation d. a self-handicapping strategy
A psychologist studies the amount of time mothers spend with newborns in the first few hours of life; the psychologist is probably interested in the concept of the ______ between mother and infant
Fill in the blank with correct word