The chapter cited a few advantages and disadvantages of sociality but did not provide a complete list. Begin with the examples in this chapter and compile a more complete list of the pros and cons of group living
What will be an ideal response?
This is an open-ended question that should go well beyond the text. For example, kin selection is barely mentioned in the chapter, and this question provides an opportunity to discuss that topic in more depth.
Here are some suggestions if students need help to get started.
Advantages Disadvantages
Groups of animals have antipredator options that individuals do not have: increased vigilance, group defenses (as in elephants and musk oxen), the selfish herd, and dilution effects. Groups of animals are more conspicuous to predators than individuals are.
Groups can often hunt more successfully. Groups require a concentration of resources in a restricted area to support them.
There is potential for competition within the group.
Group members assist in protecting and caring for the young.
There is a greater potential for the transmission of diseases and parasites in a group.
Groups provide opportunities for kin selection. Time and energy are devoted to maintaining a social hierarchy within the group.
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Which of the following is false about secretions from the salivary glands?
A) are mostly water B) help control bacterial populations in the mouth C) help lubricate the oral cavity and its contents D) contain enzymes for the digestion of carbohydrates E) contain enzymes for the digestion of lipids
Which bone acts as a uniting bridge between the cranial and facial portions of the skull?
A) temporal B) lacrimal C) ethmoid D) palatine E) sphenoid
Cadherins and integrins are examples of what type of membrane protein?
a. cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) b. collective additive molecules (CAMs) c. adhesive membrane proteins (AMPs) d. adhesive lipid molecules (ALMs) e. adhesive locking molecules (ALMs)
The ribs articulate with the
A) cervical vertebrae. B) thoracic vertebrae. C) lumbar vertebrae. D) sacrum. E) hyoid bone.