The mechanism by which gram-negative bacteria can cross the blood-brain barrier?

a. Producing fimbriae
b. Inducing endocytosis
c. Producing toxins
d. Inducing TNF
e. All of these


Ans: d. Inducing TNF

Biology & Microbiology

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When the light reactions occur in the daytime and the Calvin cycle takes place at night, this is

an example of

a. physical separation. b. seasonal separation. c. temporal separation. d. transpiration.

Biology & Microbiology

Letter ____ can indicate a fruit or developing root cells

a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E

Biology & Microbiology

The autosomal (not X-linked) gene for brachydactyly, short fingers, is dominant to normal finger length. Assume that a female with brachydactyly in the heterozygous condition is married to a man with normal fingers. What is the probability that their

first child will be a brachydactylous girl? A) 3/4 B) 1/2 C) 2/3 D) 1/4 E) 1/8

Biology & Microbiology

Indicate whetherthe statements below are true or false. If a statement is false, explain why it is false

A. Neurotransmitters are small molecules released into the synaptic cleft after the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. B. Action potentials are usually mediated by voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. C. Voltage-gated Na+ channels become automatically inactivated shortly after opening, which ensures that the action potential cannot move backward along the axon. D. Voltage-gated K+ channels also open immediately in response to local depolarization, reducing the magnitude of the action potential.

Biology & Microbiology