Discuss the distinction between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In the laboratory, how is
this determined? What are differences between these two groups of bacteria? What will be an ideal response?
Concepts to Consider: Gram-positive bacteria are those that absorb and retain crystal violet, a violet
pigment that shows under a microscope. Gram-negative do not retain this pigment and, therefore,
appear red. This effect is due to the fact that gram-positive bacteria have very thick peptidoglycan cell
walls, which absorb and retain the crystal violet pigment. Gram-negative bacteria do not have thick
cell walls and, therefore, do not retain the pigment very well. The differences in the cell walls between
gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria have a bearing on how certain drugs affects these two
bacterial types. Gram-positive bacteria are very susceptible to penicillin because their cell walls are
weakened by the drug. Gram-negative bacteria are not easily harmed by penicillin. As a result, gramnegative
bacteria are much harder to control
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Which of the following statements is NOT true of Chondrichthyans?
A. They have internal fertilization. B. They were the first vertebrates to develop teeth. C. Their buoyance is maintained partly by the oil in their livers. D. They are color blind. E. Their teeth are composed of dentine and enamel whereas the scales are made of chitin.
Which of the following interact with the enhancer and promoter regions?
a. DNA bending proteins b. cis-acting element c. transcription factors d. repressors
Which of the following puts the Five "I"s in their correct order?
A. inoculation, incubation, isolation, inspection, identification B. isolation, inspection, inoculation, incubation, identification C. incubation, inspection, isolation, identification, inoculation D. inspection, identification, isolation, incubation, inoculation E. inspection, isolation, incubation, inoculation, identification
Name three features that a cloning vector for use in bacteria must contain. Explain your answers
What will be an ideal response?