Parents of a child with cystic fibrosis ask the nurse about genetic implications of the disorder. Which statement, made by the nurse, expresses accurately the genetic implications?
a. If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of this defective gene.
b. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.
c. It is a genetic defect found primarily in non-Caucasian population groups.
d. There is a 50% chance that siblings of an affected child also will be affected.
ANS: A
CF is an autosomal recessive gene inherited from both parents and is inherited as an autosomal recessive, not autosomal dominant, trait. CF is found primarily in Caucasian populations. An autosomal recessive inheritance pattern means that there is a 25% chance a sibling will be infected but a 50% chance a sibling will be a carrier.
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A nurse tearfully confides to the head nurse that being assigned to care for eight patients is stressful and overwhelming. What demonstrates the use of a healthy coping mechanism?
a. Writing down long lists of needed interventions before starting the day's work b. Delegating appropriate care assignments to nursing assistants c. Asking a co-worker to take one of her patients d. Asking for the day off
A nurse should instruct a client who is to use a metered-dose nebulizer to follow which of these steps?
a. Exhale, place mouthpiece in mouth, press down on dispenser while simultaneously inhaling, and hold for 10 seconds before exhaling slowly. b. Inhale and exhale several times, place mouthpiece in mouth, press down on dispenser, inhale, and hold for 20 seconds before exhaling slowly. c. Place mouthpiece in mouth, press down on dispenser, take two deep breaths, and exhale rapidly. d. Rest quietly for 5 minutes before placing mouthpiece in mouth, press down on dispenser, take two deep breaths, and exhale rapidly.
A patient has onychomycosis. The nurse should anticipate educating the patient on which of the following drugs?
a. Clotrimazole (Lotrimin) b. Terbinafine (Lamisil) c. Itraconazole (Sporanox) d. Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Heparin or LMW heparin is preferred for pregnant patients needing an anticoagulant because:
A. its molecular size does not allow it to cross the placenta to affect the offspring. B. the offspring receives only a partial anticoagulant effect. C. its molecular size allows it to cross the placenta and thus help the offspring. D. the offspring receives the full anticoagulant effect.