The nurse designs a program to decrease the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the adolescent and young adult populations. Which information should the nurse assign as the highest priority?
a. Methods to prevent perinatal HIV transmission
b. Ways to sterilize needles used by injectable drug users
c. Prevention of HIV transmission between sexual partners
d. Means to prevent transmission through blood transfusions
ANS: C
Sexual transmission is the most common way that HIV is transmitted. The nurse should also provide teaching about perinatal transmission, needle sterilization, and blood transfusion, but the rate of HIV infection associated with these situations is lower.
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A child who has been hospitalized for a long time is preparing to go home, where care will be continued. Which action by the nurse is most beneficial to assist the family in this transition?
A. Advise the family to call the local visiting nurses association for home visits. B. Call the child's school to inquire about requirements for returning to school. C. Consult a social worker to help evaluate insurance coverage and transportation. D. Give the family brochures for the local support group for chronically ill children.
The nurse is performing an admission assessment on a 46-year-old client, who states, "I have been drinking a 12-pack of beer every day for the past 20 years." Which laboratory abnormality does the nurse correlate with this history?
a. Decreased white blood cell (WBC) count b. Decreased bleeding time c. Elevated prothrombin time (PT) d. Elevated red blood cell (RBC) count
An older patient reported to the clinic nurse that since a grandson moved in a few months ago, the patient has had problems sleeping. Which question by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. "How do you feel about having a room-mate?" b. "Was it your decision to invite him to move in?" c. "Has your sleep pattern changed since he moved in?" d. "Can you be more specific about the trouble you have sleeping?"
A patient has been discontinued from warfarin
(Coumadin) therapy for 3 weeks. Which laboratory test indicates that all effects of the warfarin have been eliminated? a. International normalized ratio (INR) of 0.9 b. Red blood cell count of 5 million/mm3 c. Hemoglobin of 16 g/dL d. Hematocrit of 42%