Describe the events that transpired in the case of David (in the chapter introduction) and explain how his case has been used to understand the relative contribution of socialization versus biology to sexual identity.
What will be an ideal response?
At 7 months of age, David's penis was accidentally removed during a botched circumcision procedure. He was reassigned as a female (Brenda) and underwent a sex change operation (removal of the testes and creation of a vagina). For some time it was thought that he shifted his identity to that of a female, suggesting that social forces are more powerful than are biological forces. However, after a stormy adolescent period in which she grew to believe that she was a boy, it was revealed to Brenda that she had been born a boy, and the procedure was reversed (mastectomy, creation of a phallus). One view is that David's brain was exposed to circulating levels of androgens, which masculinized his brain, and that socialization could not overcome the impact of androgenization on brain circuitry.
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Facial expression of emotions is controlled by the
a. cerebellum. b. cerebral cortex. c. hypothalamus. d. hippocampus. e. limbic system.
Cognitive-behavioral theorists emphasize that disturbed individuals ____
a. come from disturbed families b. live in stressful environments c. have irrational and maladaptive thoughts d. are deficient in interpersonal skills
__________ theory is a model for understanding individuals by examining how they think about other people.
A. Object integration B. Object relations C. Psychodynamic D. Neo-analytic
According to Allport, personality has little to do with the physical body
Indicate whether the statement is true or false