Define the term translocation and describe the two major types and their phenotypic consequences.What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Translocations move part of a chromosome to another, nonhomologous chromosome. There
are two major types of translocations: reciprocal translocations and Robertsonian
translocations. In a reciprocal translocation, two nonhomologous chromosomes exchange
parts. No genetic information is gained or lost from the cell in the exchange, but genes are
moved to new chromosomal locations. In some cases, there are no phenotypic effects, and the
translocation is passed through a family for generations. Robertsonian translocations can
produce genetically unbalanced gametes with duplicated or deleted chromosomal segments
that can result in embryonic death or abnormal offspring
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Blood calcium levels will increase under the influence of ________, and decrease under the influence of ________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
A cell moves sodium ions against its concentration gradient. This is an example of ____
a. active transport b. osmosis c. diffusion d. facilitated diffusionc e. diffusion through a channel
Robert Hooke first used the term cell in 1665. However, nearly 200 years passed before scientists developed the cell theory. Why did it take so long between the first use of the term cell and the development of the cell theory?
A) The development of the cell theory depended on scientists first developing the germ theory of disease. B) Scientists were more interested in studying the relationship of organisms to their environment rather than their structure. C) Microscopes were not available for scientists to study the cellular structure of organisms. D) Scientists had to make many observations of various organisms before they could establish a theory.
Four of the following statements about fossils found on the island of Flores are true. Which one is the exception?
A. They are shorter than modern humans. B. They have very small brains. C. They are 200,000 years old. D. They have a heavy brow ridge. E. They have been described to be like “hobbits.”