The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus who has been recently diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)
The patient has an elevated phosphorus level and has been prescribed calcium acetate to bind the phosphorus. The nurse should teach the patient to take the prescribed phosphorus-binding medication at what time?
A) Only when needed
B) Daily at bedtime
C) First thing in the morning
D) With each meal
Ans: D
Feedback:
Both calcium carbonate and calcium acetate are medications that bind with the phosphate and assist in excreting the phosphate from the body, in turn lowering the phosphate levels. Phosphate-binding medications must be administered with food to be effective.
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A patient, aged 77 years, has Alzheimer's disease and lives wither daughter. While checking her blood pressure at the clinic, the nurse noticed fresh bruises on the patient's palms and buttocks. The patient could not explain these bruises
The nurse discussed her observations with the daughter, who became defensive and said that her mother was very difficult to manage. She stated, "My mother is getting worse every week. She is not my mother anymore. She can't recognize me, and she wanders all night. We take turns because she has to be watched constantly. Last night I fell asleep, and she fell down the stairs while wandering.". Which statement is most accurate? a. Reporting the injuries in this case is not indicated by available data. b. The nurse should report the injuries as suggestive of elder abuse. c. The nurse is only required to report the injury if the patient is incompetent. d. The nurse is legally required to report the injuries as possible abuse.
The nurse is doing discharge teaching with a patient who has a C6 spinal cord injury and their family. A family member asks why autonomic dysreflexia is considered an emergency. What would be the nurse's best answer?
A) "The sudden increase in blood pressure can raise the ICP or rupture a cerebral blood vessel." B) "The suddenness of the onset of the syndrome tells us the body is struggling to maintain its norm." C) "Spinal cord patients cannot maintain their neurologic responses and bring their body back to its normal state." D) "The sudden, severe headache can create enough stress in the body cause problems."
A sphincter is
a. A ring of muscle around a tubular organ which controls passage of contents b. A flap of tissue which prevents food entering the nasal cavity c. A structure which prevents fluid entering the lungs d. A tissue which secretes enzymes into the stomach
A patient experiencing depression over the loss of a loved one shares that, "I'm not a reli-gious person but I need something to help me cope with this."
The nurse shows an understanding to the need for an outlet for the expression of emo-tions when (select all that apply): a. Asking, "Does dancing make you feel good?" b. Encouraging the patient to talk about the feelings c. Offering to arrange for a consult with the music therapist d. Asking, "Can you think of ways to express your emotions in a healthy way?" e. Suggesting the patient draw a picture of what it feels like to experience such a loss