How is Geobacter able to generate energy for fuel cells?
What will be an ideal response?
We are now harnessing bacterial electron transfer to power our own electrical devices These bacteria use the extension of electron-conducting "nanowires" made of protein. The nanowires help bacteria form a biofilm that connects them to each other and connects their cytochromes to the metal electron acceptor. In a fuel cell, the bacteria form a biofilm on the anode (electron-attracting electrode). As the bacteria oxidize organic fuel, they cause charge separation between electrons and hydrogen ions. The electrons then pass within a current to the cathode. The hydrogen ions migrate through a polymer membrane, whereas the electrons enter the anode leading to an electrical wire. The remaining carbon and oxygen atoms of the fuel are released as CO2.
To complete the circuit, the electrons from the wire current ultimately react with oxygen and hydrogen ions to form water, as in aerobic respiration.
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Biodiversity encompasses various levels of organization. Select the exception
a. genetic variation b. species richness c. interactions among ecosystems d. diversity of different ecosystems e. interactions between biomes
The initial reaction of the Krebs cycle involves the addition of a
What will be an ideal response?
What is the order of these three genes on the chromosome?
What will be an ideal response?
A person's diet is
A. a weight-loss program. B. the amount of weight lost as a result of consuming less food. C. the amount of food and drink consumed each day. D. the amount of food consumed each day measured in calories.