If you walk under a ladder and then break a leg,
you may avoid ladders in the future. Each time you avoid a ladder and nothing happens, this avoidance action is reinforced. This illustrates
a. the method of successive approximations.
b. superstitious behavior.
c. shaping.
d. response chaining.
ANSWER: b
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Marcel runs a carpet cleaning business, and he asks his clients to pay for each square foot of carpet that is cleaned, rather than paying an hourly rate for having their carpets done. Based on what is known about schedules of reinforcement, you should conclude that Marcel prefers to work when he is being reinforced on a:
a. variable-ratio schedule b. fixed-interval schedule c. fixed-ratio schedule d. variable-interval schedule
A person who has an identical twin who has just been diagnosed with schizophrenia has which of the following odds to develop schizophrenia?
a. approximately 1 in 1,000 b. approximately 1 in 100 c. approximately 1 in 10 d. approximately 1 in 2
Paul's chance of developing schizophrenia in his lifetime is about 1 in ____________________ because he has a sister who has just been diagnosed with schizophrenia
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Emotional attachments between parent and child
a. are strengthened by "bonding medication" taken during the last trimester of pregnancy. b. slowly rise from social interactions in the first months. c. emerge suddenly at birth, to the strongest level. d. result from their shared genetic relatedness.