The use of microorganisms to produce useful products is known as

A. biotechnology.
B. gene modification.
C. genomics.
D. recombinant DNA technology.
E. cloning.


Answer: A

Biology & Microbiology

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Below is a figure from an experiment that was performed to measure the effect of carbonate ion (CO32-) concentration on the calcification (growth) rate of coral reefs. At which point on the graph is the ocean pH the lowest?


A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Biology & Microbiology

An amino acid is to a protein as a ________ is to a nucleic acid.

A. glycerol B. cellulose C. nucleotide D. fatty acid E. glucose

Biology & Microbiology

What was the first substance produced by microorganisms to be used pharmaceutically?

A) penicillin B) streptokinase C) phenylalanine D) rennin E) erythromycin

Biology & Microbiology

A frog loses its ability to undergo buccal pumping.  What must happen to compensate for this loss?

A. The pumping of blood from the ventricle to the body must increase. B. The pumping of blood from the atria to the ventricle must increase. C. The diffusion of wastes through the kidneys must increase. D. The exchange of gases through the skin must increase. E. The pumping of blood from the ventricle to the atria must increase.

Biology & Microbiology