A patient comes to the clinic with weakness, emaciation, and hyperpigmentation. Lab tests reveal a potassium level of 6, a sodium level of 129, and a blood glucose of 60; the patient's blood pressure is 94/66
The nurse recognizes these symptoms as ________________ and anticipates that the prescriber will order _______________.
a. Addison's disease; hydrocortisone
b. Cushing's disease; fludrocortisone (Florinef)
c. congenital adrenal hyperplasia; ketoconazole (Nizoral)
d. primary hyperaldosteronism; spironolactone (Aldactone)
ANS: A
Addison's disease is manifested by weakness, emaciation, hypoglycemia, and increased pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes. It also is manifested by hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, and hypotension.
Cushing's disease is manifested by obesity, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, hypertension, fluid and electrolyte disturbances, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, myopathy, hirsutism, a "moon face" and "buffalo hump."
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is manifested by increased masculinization in girls and penile enlargement in boys.
Primary hyperaldosteronism is manifested by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypertension.
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