Once a signal from the environment is detected by a sensor kinase, the next step to pass on this signal involves the sensor kinase transferring
a. its phosphate to ADP to form ATP.
b. its phosphate onto another intracellular signaling molecule.
c. phosphate from ATP onto another intracellular signaling molecule.
d. phosphate from ATP onto itself.
Answer: D
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A) insertion B) duplication C) inversion D) point mutation E) deletion
Most bird species that form flocks show a negative relationship between flock size and individual vigilance (i.e., the larger the flock, the less often an individual lifts its head to scan the surrounding environment). However, some bird species have shown a positive relationship between flock size and individual vigilance. The positive relationship is particularly strong when flocks are space-constrained, such as in small ponds or fields. What is the most likely explanation for this?
A. As flock size increases, the number of "cheaters" increases, so individuals must spend more time scanning for predators. B. As flock size increases, the risk for interference and aggression between members increases, so individuals must scan for both conspecifics and predators. C. As flock size increases, the risk of predation for any given member increases, so individuals must spend more time scanning for predators. D. As flock size increases, mating opportunities decrease, so individuals must spend more time scanning for potential mates.
In an antibody-mediated immune response, with which cells do naïve helper T cells interact?
a. antigen presenting B cells b. effector helper T cells c. memory B cells d. antigen presenting dendritic cells e. effector B cells
__________ is mostly water in which diverse ions and molecules are dissolved. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s)