Briefly review the differences between individuals with schizophrenia and those without the disorder in the brain’s (a) gray matter, (b) white matter, and (c) ventricles.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Gray matter: Gray matter volume is reduced among individuals with schizophrenia, especially in the brain’s frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. The loss of gray matter reflects not the death of neurons but rather a reduction in neuropil, the substance between the neurons in the brain.
White matter: White matter is also reduced among individuals with schizophrenia. It is reduced in the four lobes of the brain but not the cerebellum or the brain stem. Reduced white matter density results in weaker connections in the brain’s networks.
Ventricles: The venntricles are enlarged in individuals with schizophrenia, reflecting a loss in brain volume outside the ventricles. This volume loss is not a side effect of the medications prescribed to individuals with schizophrenia.
Learning Objective: 13.5 Describe the brain changes seen in individuals with schizophrenia
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: What Brain Changes Are Seen in Schizophrenia?
Difficulty Level: Medium
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