A nurse manager designs a research study to examine nurse workload stress, work shift, number of years in the nursing profession, number of medication errors, patient falls, and after-shift overtime, as the relate to one another
What is the most likely method the manager will use to study this?
a. Analysis of change
b. Analysis of improvement
c. Analysis of variance
d. Multilevel analysis
ANS: D
Multilevel analysis is a statistical technique that is useful when data exist at several different levels; for example, if data are nested or if a study has several different units of analysis. It has been used in epidemiology to study how environmental factors (aggregate-level characteristics) and individual attributes and behaviors (individual-level characteristics) interact to influence individual-level health behaviors and disease risks. Variance analysis is used to track individual and group variance from a specific critical pathway. In analysis of improvement, in addition to reporting the mean improvement score for all patients treated, it is important to report what percentage of patients improved. Do all patients improve slightly, or is there a divergence among patients, with some improving greatly and others not improving at all? With the focus on outcomes studies has come a renewed interest in methods of analyzing change—this refers to change of any sort, and it is a global term.
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