Which of the following four statements, if any, is true regarding essential elements and living organisms?

a. All organisms require 25 of the 92 naturally occurring elements to survive.
b. The elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen make up 20-25% of living mass.
c. Although all forms of life require iron, other elements are required only by certain species.
d. Given their low concentrations in nature, the toxicity of some elements is generally not a factor in the evolution of biological communities.
e. All of the listed responses are correct.


Ans: c. Although all forms of life require iron, other elements are required only by certain species.

Biology & Microbiology

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