A patient is admitted for treatment of chronic abdominal pain that, for the past three months, has only seemed to go away when the patient defecated. According to the patient, the pain seemed to start whenever he experienced constipation. The patient admits to also experiencing more frequent flatulence. What gastrointestinal condition has the patient most likely been experiencing?
a. Lactose intolerance
b. Crohn's disease
c. Ulcerative colitis
d. Irritable bowel syndrome
d
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Which of the following components in processed foods contributes to emulsification and stabilization?
a. caseinates b. whey powder c. whey protein isolates d. immunoglobulins
A patient with reflux should avoid all of the following except:
a. coffee b. chocolate c. peppermint oil d. whole grain bread
What is intestinal ischemia?
A) ?reduced blood flow to the intestines B) ?chronic episodes of reverse peristalsis C) ?lack of intestinal lymph supply D) ?inflammation of two or more sphincter muscles
Under the most demanding conditions (e.g., very high-intensity exercise), ATP concentrations in skeletal muscles are not likely to drop more than:
a. 5-10%. b. 10-20%. c. 20-30%. d. 40-50%.