Discuss the etiology of metabolic alkalosis
Clinical situations resulting in alkalosis can be categorized as either those conditions involving fluid imbalance (alkalosis with volume decrease) or those without fluid imbalances (alkalosis without volume contraction). Conditions that involve fluid imbalance include prolonged vomiting and/or nasogastric suction or use of diuretics. Conditions leading to alkalosis that do not involve fluid imbalance would include hyperaldosteronism, excessive use of corticosteroids, blood transfusions, chronic use of antacids, and excessive administration of sodium bicarbonate.
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