When people overestimate the influence of internal, personal factors and underestimate the role of external, situational factors in interpreting another person's behavior, they:
a. are showing a self-serving bias
b. initiate a self-fulfilling prophecy
c. are making the fundamental attribution error
d. experience cognitive dissonance
C
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What do most 3-year-olds understand, that most 2½-year-olds do not?
a. How a small-scale room could represent a larger room b. How to reach around a barrier to retrieve a hidden toy c. That a row of coins has the same number after it is spread out d. That the amount of water remains the same after being poured into a different container
Why is it important to understand the causes of mental disorders?
A. Effective treatment is not possible without such an understanding. B. Classification of disorders cannot be done without such information. C. Such knowledge might make both the prevention and successful treatment of mental disorders possible. D. Disagreements about the causes of psychopathology have long limited the advancements made in the study of abnormal psychology.
Which scientist proposed the notion of embodied attitudes?
a. Charles Darwin b. Leon Festinger c. Robert Zajonc d. Ivan Pavlov
Lynn is attending Alcoholics Anonymous and has been doing so for two years. What is Lynn not likely to hear being taught at a meeting of AA?
A. "Total abstinence is the only hope for alcoholics." B. "You must put trust in a Power greater than yourself." C. "You can learn how to control your drinking." D. "Alcoholics must learn how to rebuild their character."