A patient with mitral valve prolapse is admitted for a scheduled cystoscopy. The physician has ordered gentamicin to be taken before the procedure. What is the rationale for this?
A) Prevent bacterial endocarditis
B) Prevent inflammation of the urethra
C) Avoid antibiotic use during the procedure
D) Decrease need for surgical asepsis
Ans: A
Feedback: Patients with mitral valve prolapse may be at risk for infectious endocarditis resulting from bacteria entering the bloodstream and adhering to the abnormal valve structures. The nurse teaches the patient how to minimize this risk: practicing good oral hygiene, obtaining routine dental care, avoiding body piercing and body branding, and not using toothpicks or other sharp objects in the oral cavity. Patients with mitral valve prolapse are considered high risk for developing bacterial endocarditis during certain procedures such as cystoscopy. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment is initiated to prevent complications. Gentamicin would not be given to prevent inflammation of the urethra, to avoid antibiotic use during the procedure, or to decrease the need for surgical aesepsis.
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