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1. Consensus view a. Views crime as the result of the conscious exercise of an individual's free will.
2. Conflict view b. Holds that people progressed in their moral reasoning (i.e., their ability to act ethically) through a series of stages.
3. Quality of life offenses c. Views human behavior is determined by internal and external influences.
4. Classical school d. Behavior is criminalized only when it serves the interests of those in positions of power.
5. Positivism e. The view that states women focus more on the needs of others.
6. Structural or conflict view f. Stated that people only give up some of their liberties to the government and entrust the government to intervene in the lives of citizens only in cases where it is absolutely necessary
7. Ethical view g. The criminal law reflects the will of those in power.
8. Kohlberg's theory of moral development h. Holds that the criminal law reflects society's view that behavior is harmful enough to merit government prohibition.
9. Gilligan's ethics of caring I. Minor offenses such as drinking in public, playing loud music, and loitering.
10. An Essay on Crimes and Punishments j. Sees crime as a moral failure in decision making.


1. h 6. g
2. d 7. j
3. i 8. b
4. a 9. e
5. c 10. f

Criminal Justice

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