Following surgery, a client had a chest x-ray that reported some opacities in the lung bases likely due to atelectasis. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes will result from this condition?
A) Compensatory vasoconstriction
B) Ventilation without perfusion
C) Dead air space
D) Perfusion without ventilation
Ans: D
Feedback:
With shunt, there is perfusion without ventilation, resulting in a low ventilation–perfusion ratio. This occurs in conditions such as atelectasis in which there is airway obstruction. Ventilation without perfusion (dead air space) is a consequence of impaired pulmonary circulation. Hypoxemia will result in vasodilation, not vasoconstriction.
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