The nurse is caring for an elderly client with left-sided heart failure. When auscultating lung sounds, which adventitious sound is expected?
A) Wheezes
B) Rhonchi
C) Crackles
D) Coarseness
C
Feedback:
When the heart is pumping inefficiently, blood backs up into the pulmonary veins and lung tissue. Auscultation reveals a crackling sound. Possible wheezes and gurgles are also possibilities.
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The nurse explains that hypertension occurs when a chain reaction of events takes place. Place the following options in the appropriate sequence:
1. Ephedrine constricts vessels and increases heart rate. 2. Renin constricts vessels and decreases the blood flow to the kidneys. 3. Angiotensin constricts vessels in response to renin. 4. Norepinephrine constricts vessels, increasing peripheral vascular resistance. 5. The adrenal cortex produces aldosterone, causing fluids and sodium to be re-tained.
Identify a primary goal of the American Nurses Association
a. Promote the professional growth and de-velopment of all nurses. b. Maintain and improve the standards of nursing education. c. Limit access to health-care services to in-dividuals in need. d. Control the independence of practice by nurses to those with bachelor of science degrees.
A couple with young children asks the nurse about the factors that contribute to a strong family unit. What instruction is of highest priority for the nurse to provide to the parents?
A) Grandparents and other relatives frequently play pivotal roles in families. B) Participation from both parents in childrearing is important. C) Participation in household tasks is the main responsibility of the mother in families. D) Authority, provider, and protector of the family reside with the father.
Select the correct statement related to the mechanism of action of steroids.
A. Steroids work as anti-inflammatory agents to inhibit the activation of arachidonic acid. B. Steroids act to decrease the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. C. The major effect of steroids in the treatment of asthma is to inhibit the inflammatory process. D. All of these are correct.