Research conducted by Chua, Boland, and Nisbett found that American participants tended to focus on the figure within a scene, while the Chinese participants focused on the background. They concluded that Americans tend to have a
a. broader focus of attention.
b. narrow focus of attention.
c. shorter attention span.
d. longer attention span.
b
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Noam Chomsky reasoned that
A) in early childhood, rewards and punishments support language development. B) young children are unable to assume much responsibility for their own language learning. C) the rules for sentence organization are too complex to be directly taught to cognitively sophisticated young children. D) language, like any other behavior, is acquired through imitation and operant conditioning.
Cameron and Mitchell want to convince their daughter to stop leaving her toys scattered all around the floor, so they leave her a sign by her toy box. According to reactance theory, which of the following signs would be most effective?
a. "Please try to remember to clean up your toys when you are done with them." b. "All toys MUST be put away after they are used." c. "Do not leave toys lying around!" d. "Your job is to clean up after yourself."
Carefully observing the antecedent and immediate consequences of a problem behavior in its natural settings is referred to as a(n):
A. observational assessment B. functional analysis C. psychodiagnostic assessment D. behavioral assessment
Which of the following experiences would be LEAST likely to result in a subsequent desire to engage in sadomasochistic activity?
A) ?Getting a spanking for being caught masturbating B) ?Experiencing nurturing during childhood only when ill or injured C) ?Receiving a spanking when one's pants are pulled down and becoming sexually aroused as a result of the physiological stimulation D) ?Being caught "playing doctor" as a child and being verbally embarrassed and humiliated for doing so