Denitrifying bacteria:a
make nitrogen available for assimilation.
b. decompose organic nitrogen compounds into nitrate.
c. decompose organic nitrogen compounds into ammonia.
d. fix nitrogen into ammonia.
e. convert nitrate into atmospheric nitrogen.
E
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During gastrulation, the cellular process by which ectoderm in the animal pole spreads toward the vegetal pole is called
A. epiboly. B. invagination. C. involution. D. convergent extension. E. apical constriction.
With negative pressure breathing, the muscles that move the ribs and diaphragm are distant from the absorptive alveolar surfaces. What difficulty(ies) could occur if the muscles were around each alveolus and had to expand each alveolus to suck in air?
A. Interspersed muscle tissue would take up much space and the lung-muscle volume would have to be much larger. B. Adding a third tissue to the intimate alveolar-capillary complex would increase the problems with disorders and diseases. C. Muscle tissue would get in the way of absorption of gases across the air-to-capillary border. D. Since muscle cells only contract and relax, it would be difficult for a few cells to cause alveolar expansion. E. All of the choices are correct.
A European species of marsh grass called Spartina maritima has a diploid number (2n) of 60. A similar species native to North America, S. alterniflora, has 2n = 62
In 1835, the North American species was found growing near the European species in Southampton, England, after being accidentally imported. Occasional sterile hybrids were noted. In 1895 a new species, S. anglica, was first identified at Southampton and subsequently became common. The new species has been identified as a fertile hybrid of the original two species. What is the 2n chromosome number of the hybrids that formed from the original two species S. maritima and S. alterniflora? A) 153 B) 122 C) 60 D) 61 E) 31
Which of the following components is/are found in the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria but NOT gram-negative bacteria?
A. Cytoplasmic membrane B. Lipopolysaccharide C. Outer membrane D. Peptidoglycan E. Teichoic acid