A nurse plans the diet for an older adult with congestive heart failure. Which of these nursing interventions would be most successful to encourage optimal nutrition?
A) Encourage calorie supplements.
B) Provide 55% of calories from complex carbohydrates.
C) Teach older adults to sit upright for 2 hours after a meal.
D) Use moderate to large amounts of flavor enhancers.
Ans: B
Dietary guidelines for older adults recommend a daily intake of five to nine servings of fruits and vegetables; 55% of calories need to come from complex carbohydrates. Older adults need fewer calories with increased quality of nutrients in their nutritional requirements. Older adults with presbyesophagus must sit upright for 30 minutes to 1 hour after eating. Flavor enhancers (except lemon) contain sodium and need to be used in small amounts for older adults who have a diminished sense of taste.
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The nurse is identifying a nursing diagnosis applicable to a specific population. What should the nurse include when making this diagnosis determination? (Select all that apply.)
1. Population at risk. 2. Potential adverse risk. 3. Factors contributing to the risk. 4. Evidence to support the risk. 5. Population competencies.
Why is research important in nursing?
1. Nurses are expected to adopt evidence-based practice into their decision making. 2. Outcomes are more important than process. 3. The nurses' prime consideration should be cost-effectiveness. 4. It uses the scientific approach.