A researcher studies the relationship between anxiety levels and performance on a paper-and-pencil test of knowledge. The study data yield a correlation coefficient of r = –0.79. What should this data analysis be interpreted to mean?
1. As anxiety levels increased, test scores increased.
2. As anxiety levels decreased, test scores decreased.
3. As anxiety levels increased, test scores did not vary.
4. As anxiety levels increased, test scores decreased.
4
Rationale 1: If both scores varied in the same direction, the relationship would be positive.
Rationale 2: If both scores varied in the same direction, the coefficient would be positive.
Rationale 3: This would indicate no relationship between the variables, and the correlation coefficient would be 0.
Rationale 4: This represents an inverse relationship as the value of one variable increased, the value of the other variable decreased.
Global Rationale:
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