With regard to systemic analgesics administered during labor, nurses should be aware that:
a. Systemic analgesics cross the maternal blood-brain barrier as easily as they do the fetal blood-brain barrier.
b. Effects on the fetus and newborn can include decreased alertness and delayed sucking.
c. Intramuscular administration (IM) is preferred over intravenous (IV) administration.
d. IV patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) results in increased use of an analgesic.
ANS: B
Effects depend on the specific drug given, the dosage, and the timing. Systemic analgesics cross the fetal blood-brain barrier more readily than the maternal blood-brain barrier. IV administration is preferred over IM administration because the drug acts faster and more predictably. PCA results in decreased use of an analgesic.
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