What is the commonly-accepted explanation for our preference to be with others when we are afraid?
a. attachment
b. social comparison
c. cognitive dissonance
d. social conformity
e. cognitive balance
Ans: b
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What is "cognitive dissonance"?
a. The process of forming or changing an attitude b. Attitudes that are in agreement with the facts c. An unfavorable attitude toward something d. Perceived contradiction between attitudes and behavior
In children and adolescents, BMI-for-age is best used to determine
A. percentage of body fat B. timing of the adiposity rebound C. percentage of lean body mass D. nutritional status E. percentage of body fat AND percentage of lean body mass
Animals with large body volumes generate _________ animals with small body volumes
a. more heat than b. less heat than c. the same amount of heat as d. more heat than some animals with small body volumes and less heat than other
In Ivan Pavlov's original demonstration of classical conditioning, why is the food referred to as an unconditioned stimulus?
a. Because the food is something the animal had to learn that it wanted in all cases. b. Because the animal knows he is going to get food whether he salivates or not, so salivation is not a "condition" of getting food. c. Because lower animals do not have the capacity to decide what they will and will not respond to, so all stimuli for animals other than human beings are "unconditioned." d. Because the food evokes the salivation response before any intentional learning has taken place.