A psychologist compares the records of 100 individuals who received the diagnosis of depression when they were children with the records of 100 individuals who received the diagnosis when they were adults. What is the psychologist likely to find?
a) There is little difference in the outcomes of the two forms of depression.
b) Childhood depression predicts a faster recurrence of depression than does adult depression.
c) Symptoms experienced during childhood are quite different compared to symptoms in adulthood.
d) Depression in childhood is typically a reaction to the changes of adolescence; therefore, it is not as serious as adult depression.
b
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Time out is a procedure that:
A. uses positive punishment B. gives an unpleasant consequence to the child for inappropriate behavior C. removes a child from a situation where they might receive reinforcement for their noncompliance D. has been shown to be ineffective in reducing temper tantrums
In classical conditioning, second-order conditioning occurs when:
a. an established conditioned stimulus is used to condition a second neutral stimulus b. a novel stimulus produces a response that is different from the response produced by a conditioned stimulus c. a conditioned response develops that is opposite to the unconditioned response d. an unconditioned response develops that is opposite to the conditioned response
When you get up in the morning and think about your job that you dislike, you would really prefer to stay in bed so you call in sick. This shows how __________ can affect behavior
a. attitudes c. schemes b. concepts d. polarization
Specific phobias of such objects as refrigerators or cars are relatively rare because
a. such objects pose no real danger to humans b. such objects do not have threatening features c. such objects were not present in humans’ early evolutionary history d. negative events rarely happen around such objects