A teenager was stopped by police for having a broken headlight. The police proceeded to search his vehicle and found marijuana, so they arrested him. However, the judge dismissed the charges because she decided that the police did not have sufficient cause to search the car. The judge’s ruling was guided by ______.
A. substantive law
B. procedural law
C. common law
D. federal law
B. procedural law
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Which of the following describes a situation where police would have probable cause to search and seize evidence or arrest an offender?
A. After a bomb destroys a building, police arrest several members of a religious group that held religious services near the bombed building. B. An officer finds a car that has been vandalized with spray paint. He has a hunch that it was vandalized by a well-known delinquent in the neighborhood, so he arrests the teen, conducts a search of the teen’s house, and seizes several cans of spray paint. C. Police receive an anonymous tip that a person is building a bomb that they plan to detonate at a school. The police immediately arrest them, search the individual’s home, and seize bomb-making materials. D. A police officer recognizes the car of a person who has been convicted of drug possession in the past. Although there is no indication the driver is under the influence, the officer stops the car and immediately arrests the individual.
Which of the following is not true about a consent search?
A. It is an exception to the probable cause requirement. B. It is an exception to the warrant requirement of the Fourth Amendment. C. Even if a person gives consent, officers still need justification to search the person. D. Consent must be voluntarily given.