Describe the characteristics of a true experiment. Explain how true experiments meet (or don't meet) the criteria for causality. Do quasi-experiments and nonexperimental designs improve on these criteria? Explain how (or how not).
What will be an ideal response?
True experiment--experiment in which subjects are assigned randomly to an experimental group that receives a treatment or other manipulation of the independent variable and a comparison group that does not receive the treatment or receives some other manipulation; characteristics of a true experiment are (1) two groups (an experimental group and a control group), (2) variation in the independent variable before assessment of change in the dependent variable, and (3) random assignment to the two (or more) comparison groups; experiments can provide unambiguous evidence of association by comparing the distribution of the dependent variable between the experimental and comparison group; in experiments with random assignment of a subject to the experimental and comparison groups, time order can be established by comparison of posttest scores only; the random assignment of subjects to experimental and comparison groups controls for spuriousness; the features of a true experiment do not in themselves allow identification of causal mechanisms; control over conditions is more feasible in many experimental designs than it is in nonexperimental designs; quasi-experiments and nonexperimental designs can strengthen confidence in the time order of effects of one variable on the others due to before-and-after designs. However, they cannot rule out nonspurious relationships due to the lack of randomization of participants.
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Select the correct definition of the Stolper-Samuelson Theorem
a. Labor or capital (costs) more intensely used to create products will enjoy a higher return on investment than the resulting increase in the price of the resultant product. b. The direct investment of capital by some foreign entity, typically a corporation, into a specific domestic political economy. c. The theorem specifies what type of products we can expect particular countries to import and export based on comparative advantage observations. d. None of these answers are correct.
How was Soviet law an example of the commitment to Marxist principles?
a. Soviet law put the working class in charge of the administration of justice. b. Soviet law had a deeply adversarial process that mirrored the class struggle. c. Soviet law focused more on crimes of conscience than crimes of commission. d. Soviet law made little or no mention of bourgeois concepts like private property.
Explain how a nation can use sports to create a sense of national identity. Provide examples of nations that have used this technique.
What will be an ideal response?
Compare and contrast membership in Congress with membership in a parliament, like that of Great Britain.
What will be an ideal response?