Which client is an unsuitable candidate for epidural analgesia?
1. INR 1.2, SaO2 96%
2. Allergy to morphine
3. Non-English speaking
4. History of spondylosis
4
4. Contraindications to epidural injections and epidural analgesia include spinal ab-normalities because abnormalities in the skeletal spine result in an irregular sub-arachnoid space surrounding the spinal cord. These irregularities increase the risk of transecting the arachnoid space while inserting the epidural catheter. Spondylosis is a disorder of the vertebrae involving abnormal bone growth.
1. The client's INR and SaO2 are within normal limits.
2. An allergy to morphine contraindicates using morphine in epidural analgesia. Be-cause of this, the provider chooses another opioid such as fentanyl or sufentanil.
3. The nurse establishes another method of evaluating client pain levels for a non-English-speaking client, including using an interpreter, using family members to interpret, sign language, and using words in the client's language to indicate pain.
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