In family systems theory, what is circular causality?

a. A change in one member of a family system or one aspect of family life has effects on the rest of the system.
b. No change occurs as the result of just one stimulus. Rather, many things contribute to changes in a system.
c. Different people react to identical changes in different ways.
d. When people make changes, they usually have to return to the problem multiple times.
e. It is nearly impossible to identify causes for changes, so systems therapists diagram a circle that shows all of the forces that contribute to the change or interfere with the desired outcome.


Answer: a

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