You are caring for a patient newly diagnosed with cardiomyopathy. The patient asks you about the physiologic changes that accompany the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy
What would be important to stress about this disease process and what electrolyte imbalance it can lead to?
A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Chloride
D) Magnesium
Ans: B
Feedback: The pathophysiology of all cardiomyopathies is a series of events that culminate in impaired cardiac output. Decreased stroke volume stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone response, resulting in increased systemic vascular resistance and increased sodium and fluid retention, which places an increased workload on the heart. These alterations can lead to heart failure. This makes options A, C, and D incorrect.
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A patient brought to the emergency department requires sutures. The prescriber orders a local anesthetic with epinephrine. The nurse understands that epinephrine is ordered to:
a. prevent hypertension induced by the anesthetic. b. allow a reduced dose of the anesthetic. c. reduce anesthetic-induced nausea. d. reduce the pain of an injection.
Which of the following is not included as an overarching goal of Healthy People 2020?
a. Eliminating health disparities b. Creating environments that promote good health c. Lengthening the average lifespan by a decade d. Attaining longer lives free of preventable diseases and injury
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that children younger than the age of 16 years be prohibited from participating in what?
a. Skateboarding b. Snowmobiling c. Trampoline use d. Horseback riding
When teaching the parent(s) of a toddler, nurses discuss the dangers of aspiration that may be caused by small toys and other objects in the home. Toddlers are at risk for swallowing small objects because
A) They learn by experiencing objects orally B) They know they will get attention if they put things in their mouths C) They are purposely frightening their parent(s) D) They are bored