Explain the roles of Congress, the president, the bureaucracy, and the courts in the policymaking process. How does each institution make policy? What hurdles must policymakers overcome in the policymaking process?
What will be an ideal response?
Congress makes policy through laws, the president primarily through executive orders, the bureaucracy through regulations, and the courts through rulings. Each of those explanations could be expanded on briefly. For example, court rulings have had a major impact on business regulation and civil rights policies. The second half of the question should focus on the steps of the policymaking process. For instance, Congress may have difficulty getting the bureaucracy to implement legislation. Or the president may have trouble passing his or her agenda if Congress is not on board with the agenda.
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Which of the following is a consequence of the rise of television broadcasting?
a. The news consumed by the American public is more entertaining than educational. b. Individuals have a greater need for political parties to help them make decisions. c. Groups have greater access to spread their issues and messages to the public.— d. The American public is better informed about politics and Congress is basing its opinions more on public opinion.
The Telecommunications Act of 1996 _________________________________
A) gave the FCC the power to regulate indecent material B) required broadcasters to provide public affairs programming under the "fairness doctrine" C) extended the power of the FCC to include regulation of print media D) promoted the equal time rule E) deregulated cable television providers and eliminated monopolies by local phone companies
The Anti-Saloon League, whose successful lobbying led to the adoption of the Eighteenth Amendment, was successful in part because
a. it focused only on electing “drys” and defeating “wets.” b. it offered a broad platform that took a stance on virtually every important political issue of the day. c. it worked through an entirely new organizational structure and avoided the conflicts that already existed in many churches and local temperance groups. d. it insisted that any candidate receiving its endorsement had to be a publicly sworn nondrinker.
Laws that are relatively easy to implement are, everything else being equal, relatively ______ to pass.
A. easy B. mildly easy C. difficult D. extremely difficult