What maintains the volume and composition of body fluids? 1. Filtration and reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys 2. Regulation of water balance by vasopressin (ADH) 3. Gastrointestinal filtration and excretion of chloride
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3
ANS: A
The kidneys maintain the volume and composition of body fluids by two related mechanisms. First, filtration and reabsorption of sodium adjust urinary sodium excretion to match changes in dietary intake. Second, water excretion is regulated by secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH or vasopressin).
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