Heart murmurs are characterized by which of the following criteria? (Select all that apply.)
a. Intensity
b. Location
c. Quality
d. Pitch
e. Pathologic cause
A, B, C, D
Murmurs are characterized by specific criteria: Timing is the place in the cardiac cycle (systole/diastole). Location is where it is auscultated on the chest wall (mitral or aortic area). Radiation is how far the sound spreads across chest wall. Quality is whether the murmur is blowing, grating, or harsh. Pitch is whether the tone is high or low. Intensity is the loudness is graded on a scale of 1 through 6; the higher the number, the louder the murmur.
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A family member asks the nurse of the benefits of immunotherapy. The nurse would be most correct to state which of the following?
A) Immunotherapy strengthens the immune system to prevent cancer. B) Immunotherapy uses homeopathic properties to prevent free radical release. C) Immunotherapy stimulates the immune response to attack and rid the body of cancer cells. D) Immunotherapy promotes removal of good and bad multiplying cells.
A researcher reports on a qualitative study and does not give enough information about how decisions were reached. What would the reviewer say about this omission?
a. The researcher did not provide enough protection for the subjects in this study. It is unclear what happened after the in-depth questioning on this very sensitive topic. From the information presented, debriefing did not take place and would seem to be necessary in this study. b. Findings in the study indicate that another researcher with similar background would undoubtedly arrive at the same conclusions, particularly if the subjects came from a similar population. c. The researcher failed to provide enough information for anyone else to arrive at the same conclusion. This threat to auditability is further emphasized because the researcher did not provide the reader with a sufficient number of quotes to support the findings. d. There is a significant problem with the significance of the study.
The nurse observes a client working to include the spouse in the treatment and recovery process of an illness. Which of Roy's modes should the nurse recognize that this client is demonstrating?
1. Physiologic 2. Self-concept 3. Role function 4. Interdependence
The future of effective health care depends on the work environment that is present at the health-care setting. One important aspect of fostering a healthy work environment would be to ensure:
A. Allowance for empowerment of each nurse by each other B. That no physicians were part of the infra-structure of the unit C. That the pharmacy satellite was not lo-cated on the unit since it would cause ex-tra off-unit staff coming to the unit D. That patients understand that staff always have their meals privately and can not be disturbed whatsoever during these times