Which of the following involves positive and negative reinforcement?
a. Psychological conditioning
b. Reinforcement conditioning
c. Behavioral conditioning
d. Operant conditioning
Answer: d
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All of these are considered types of conflict except for?
A. Personal B. Intra-organizational C. Inter-organizational D. Gender
Which of the following was NOT a feature of the Penitentiary Act of 1779?
a. Facilities will undergo systematic inspection. b. Fees for basic services, such as food, can be charged to persons arrested for felonies, but not to persons arrested for misdemeanors. c. Discipline at the facilities will follow a reformatory regimen. d. Persons being held should be kept in solitary confinement.
Which of the following gang myths is hard to prove given the inability to distinguish general immigration patterns from gang membership patterns?
a. Gangs of the same name are connected. b. Gang members are a new wave of super-predators. c. Gangs were actively involved in the crack epidemic. d. The MR-13 and 18th Street gangs are spreading across the United States.
________ is a new intermediate sanction that uses the power of the court to treat, sanction, and reward drug offenders with punishment more restrictive than regular probation but less severe than incarceration.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).