Which solution would be the most appropriate initial volume replacement for a patient with severe GI bleeding?
1. 200 mL of normal saline (NS) per hour for 5 hours
2. A liter of Ringer's lactate (RL) over 15 minutes
3. Two liters of D5W over half an hour
4. 500 mL of 0.45% normal saline (1/2 NS) over half an hour
2
Rationale 1: This is not an adequate amount of fluid replacement.
Rationale 2: The patient requires immediate infusion of an adequate amount of fluid. Fluid resuscitation begins with 500 to 1,000 mL of an isotonic solution.
Rationale 3: This is a hypotonic solution and would not help with fluid resuscitation.
Rationale 4: This is a hypotonic solution and would not help with fluid resuscitation.
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A community health nurse assesses four patients between ages 70 and 80 . Which patient has the highest risk for alcohol dependence?
a. Patient with no history of alcohol-related problems until retirement but now drinks alcohol daily to distract himself from arthritis pain b. Patient who drank socially throughout adult life and continues this pattern, saying "I'm old enough to drink if I want to" c. Patient who abused alcohol between ages 30 and 45 but now abstains and occasionally attends AA meetings. d. Patient with intermittent problems of alcohol misuse early in life. Now drinks one glass of wine nightly with dinner.
A postoperative home care patient has developed thrombophlebitis in her right leg. What category of medications will probably be prescribed for this cardiovascular complication?
A) anticoagulants B) antibiotics C) antihistamines D) antigens
In teaching about herpes simplex virus (HSV), the nurse would include which statement?
a. Drugs can be given during pregnancy to prevent transmission to the fetus. b. Once the lesions have healed completely, the infection is gone. c. HSV infection is transmitted to the fetus through the mother's blood. d. HSV infection can be treated, but not cured, with proper medications.
What should a nurse do first when a disaster first strikes the community?
A. Call all members of the nurse's family together at their home. B. Immediately drive to the hospital in preparation for giving care to victims. C. Remain in place until the situation has stabilized. D. Take video recordings of the damage, which can be used to publicize the need for help.