The position that because cultures are unique, each one can be evaluated only according to its own standards and values is called:
a. ethnocentrism.
b. cultural relativism.
c. cultural materialism.
d. adaptation.
e. pluralism.
ANSWER: b
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A young man of Jewish affiliation moves to New York City to find a job. Seeing no reason to "go it alone," he calls everyone he knows from both his mother's and father's side of the family, and attends various meetings to which he is invited. He is invited to multiple events and gatherings by virtue of his being related to various ancestors on both parents' side. These groups support him when he
runs out of money and help him find an apartment and a job. We can say that he is a member of either a bilateral descent group or which of the following? a. Patrilineal b. Matrilineal c. Unilineal d. Cognatic e. Ambilineal
Distribution of food, especially meat, in forager societies would be defined as __________
a. barter b. balanced reciprocity c. generalized reciprocity d. exchange
One of the main differences between descent groups and nuclear families is that
A. nuclear families are always exogamous, while descent groups are always endogamous. B. nuclear families are found only in industrial societies, while descent groups are found only in foraging societies. C. members of descent groups are called affines, while members of nuclear families are consanguines. D. descent groups are typically not involved with politics, while nuclear families are. E. descent groups are permanent, while nuclear families are not.