The nurse is working with a new mother who will require surgery. The follow-up treatment will interfere with bonding. In applying Freud's theory, the nurse recognizes that the stage of devel-opment that may be affected is the:
1. Oral stage
2. Anal stage
3. Phallic stage
4. Latent stage
ANS: 1
According to Freud, disruption in the physical or emotional availability of the parent for the newborn (e.g., undergoing surgery) will affect the oral stage of development; the anal stage is from 12 to 18 months to 3 years, when the child is toilet-training; the phallic stage is from 3 to 6 years of age, when the child becomes interested in the genital organs; and the latent stage is from 6 to 12 years, when the child represses sexual urges and channels them into productive activities that are socially acceptable.
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An inpatient psychiatric physician refuses to treat clients without insurance and prematurely discharges those whose insurance benefits have expired. Which ethical principle should a nurse determine has been violated based on these actions?
1. Autonomy 2. Beneficence 3. Nonmaleficence 4. Justice
The nurse is assisting the parents of a child born with a cleft lip and palate to deal with the deformity. An appropriate nursing diagnosis for the parents is:
a. parental role conflict. b. risk for delayed growth and development. c. risk for impaired attachment. d. anticipatory grieving.
The ANA code of nursing ethics articulates that the nurse "promotes, advocates for, and strives to protect the health , safety, and rights of the patient." This includes the protection of patient privacy. On the basis of this principle, if you participate in a public online social network such as Facebook, could you post images of a patient's x-ray film if you deleted all patient identifiers?
A) Yes because patient privacy would not be violated as long as the patient identifiers were removed B) Yes because respect for autonomy implies that you have the autonomy to decide what constitutes privacy C) No because, even though patient identifiers are removed, someone could identify the patient based on other comments that you make online about his or her condition and your place of work D) No because the principle of justice requires you to allocate resources fairly
Which of the following would you suggest to a pregnant woman who follows a vegetarian diet?
A) Include at least one serving of meat daily. B) Anticipate needing a vitamin B12 supplement during pregnancy. C) Be careful not to eat more than four servings of fruit daily. D) Discontinue a vegetarian diet for the remainder of pregnancy.