Explain what “Directional” and “Non-Directional” hypotheses mean. Provide examples.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: In human service evaluation, hypothesis as research questions and as potential predictive or explanatory statements play an important role. A hypothesis that predicts the direction of the data sought, such as the direction of the relationship between the dependent and the independent variable is a directional hypothesis. For instance, “Posttest scores for self-esteem will be higher than pretest scores” is a directional hypothesis. The researcher indicates clearly that he/she expects the posttest scores to be higher than the pretest score to be. A non-directional hypothesis does not predict the direction of the data sought in the relationship between the dependent and the independent variable. For example, “There is a relationship between extroversion and SAT scores” is a non-directional hypothesis as the researcher does not predict the direction of the relationship between extroversion and SAT scores.
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