The patient is in a coma after a motor vehicle accident. In addition to IV medications, the patient is receiving an isotonic IV fluid. The primary purpose for this fluid infusion is to:
a. cause cells to shrink and reduce swelling.
b. move fluid from intravascular space into cells.
c. pull fluid from cells into the intravascular space.
d. expand the body's intravascular fluid volume.
D
Fluids that have the same osmolality as normal blood are called isotonic. Intravenous (IV) solutions are hypertonic, isotonic, or hypotonic. Isotonic solutions such as 0.9% sodium chloride (same osmolality as normal blood) expand the body's extracellular fluid volume without causing water to shift in or out of cells. Infusion of hypertonic intravenous solutions (more concentrated than normal blood), such as 3% sodium chloride, pulls fluid from cells by osmosis, causing them to shrink. Physiologically hypotonic solutions (less concentrated than normal blood after they are infused) move water from the extracellular compartment into the cells by osmosis, causing them to swell.
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A critically ill patient is being transferred from one agency to another. Under what circumstances should the transfer most clearly be done by air as opposed to ground transport?
A) Current weather includes limited visibility B) Minimal ground traffic C) Ground transfer takes too much time D) Agencies are in close proximity
When a facility administrator mentions that the employee assistance program (EAP) may be discontinued because of its expense, the health liaison nurse disagrees, stating that the program pays for itself through: (Select all that apply.)
a. prevention of illness encouraged by educational programs. b. early disease detection brought about by offered screenings. c. its primary focus on alcohol and drug abuse awareness sessions. d. decreased work-related injuries resulting from ergonomics training. e. mandated immunization policies regarding acquired job-related illnesses.
A client is to be admitted to an intermediate care facility (ICF). What should the nurse
tell the client about the ICF? A) Employs unlicensed assistants to provide care B) Provides basic care with a nurse on call C) Provides rehabilitation services to clients D) Ensures assistance with social services
An _________________ provides a standard approach to managing emergencies in which multiple agencies are involved
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word