“Overhead democracy” means
a. democratic, gregarious leadership styles.
b. majority control through political representatives.
c. participatory management in superior-subordinate relations.
d. presidential influence over congressional actions.
e. the view of democracy given by apathetic voters who believe that voting does not change the way government operates.
ANS: B
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Who has been the leading source of initiative in forming major policy proposals in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries?
a. state governors b. the president c. Congress d. federal agencies
The governor of a large state is running for reelection. Which of the following items would you expect to be the largest expenditure category in the governor's campaign budget?
a. Television advertising b. Direct-mail advertising c. Polling d. Transportation e. Entertainment
The sharp decline in the stock market in the early 2000s increased the likelihood that Social Security will be privatized
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
External validity in qualitative research
a. is less important than in quantitative research because researchers generally are not interested in generalizing their findings. b. is more important than in quantitative research because without generalization the qualitative approach is pointless. c. is defined completely differently than in quantitative research. d. is determined by strength of the cause and effect relationship between variables.